Serpa had been inhabited since the ancient times, Romans had left their marks in the city and later Muslims added their own colours to this city. This wonderful town is often overlooked by the tourists, it is small in size with only 17,000 or so inhabitants. It makes a great day trip from nearby towns of Beja and Mertola.
Parts of the city walls in Serpa date back to the 11th century. The city walls which stand today are mostly the work of Dom Dinis from the 12th century. Defensive walls of Serpa stretch from the castle all the way to the city gate and the aqueducts. One section of the wall is situated at the junction of Rua dos Fidalgos and Rua Dr. Manuel Corte Real.