al-Gawhara Palace is situated to the south of the Mosque of Muhammad Ali in the Cairo Citadel. This palace is also known as Bijou Palace and al-Johra Palace in Arabic meaning “the Jewel Palace”. This palace was built by Muhammad Ali Pasha in 1814.
Artisans from Greece, Turkey, Bulgaria and Albania were involved in the construction of this palace. This palace complex included barracks, schools, an arsenal, a gun-powder factory and even a mint.