Al-Mu’tadid expanded his territory by conquering numerous Islamic taifas, including those of Mértola (1044 – 45), Huelva in 1051), Algeciras in 1055), Ronda in 1065 and Arcos in 1069. In 1053, he invited a number of minor Berber princes from the south to his palace in Seville, suffocating them to death by treating them to an open steam bath, having first sealed up all of the openings in the bathhouse. He also fought against the Zirids of Granada and the Aftasids of Badajoz, but with no conclusive results. In 1063, when Ferdinand I appeared with an army on the outskirts of Seville, Abbad was forced to acknowledge his suzerainty and to pay him tribute.