Temple of Queen Hatshepsut - Luxor
Entrance to the Mortuary Temple of Queen Hatshepsut in Luxor is through a purpose built souk (bazaar) which caters mainly for the tourists. In it’s glory days, this temple had gardens of frankincense trees and other rare plants brought from Punt.
Just before the temple, to the left, there is a tomb of Monthemhat. He was Governor of High Egypt (670-648 BC) and the fourth Prophet of Amon. Tomb of Senenmut is located in the nearby hills of Deir el-Bahari. Senenmut was an 18th dynasty ancient Egyptian architect and government official. There are two tree stumps belonging to trees which were brought from the Land of Punt. This expedition to Punt was sponsored by the Queen Hatshepsut and it is depicted on the Hatshepsut Temple walls.
History of Queen Hatshepsut Temple
The Hatshepsut Temple was built by Queen Hatshepsut, stepmother of pharaoh Thutmose III. Hills of Deir el-Bahari provide perfect backdrop for these beautiful monuments. Hatshepsut was the fifth pharaoh of the eighteenth dynasty of Egypt and she reigned between 1508–1458 BC.
The Mortuary Temple of Mentuhotep was used as a model to build this temple but structures are different in many ways.
A ramp brings visitors to the upper part of the temple which has three levels in total. The construction of the temple of Hatshepsut took fifteen years, between the 7th and the 22nd years of her reign. Statues of Osirian (An Egyptian god of afterlife) at the Hatshepsut Temple and eagle guardian sits at the start of the ramp.
Reliefs on temple walls
The Polish Academy of Sciences is responsible for the renovation and further excavation of the area. A relief on the temple wall shows the Apis Bull, it was worshipped in the Memphis region. On the wall, Egyptian soldiers are depicted on tample wall undergoing the expedition to the Land of Punt. The walls of this temple have lots of details but most of them were faded.
The Mortuary Temple of Mentuhotep is beside the temple of Queen Hatshepsut, to the left side when facing the Hatshepsut Temple. The temple has nothing left but just ruins.